In a large bowl, combine flour and a pinch of salt; add baking powder if using all-purpose flour.

Blend cottage cheese in a blender or food processor until smooth and creamy without lumps.

Add blended cottage cheese to the flour mixture and stir with a wooden spoon until a rough dough ball forms; use hands if easier.

Transfer dough to a floured surface and knead for a few minutes, adding flour gradually if sticky until workable.

Divide dough into 4 equal portions and roll each into a ball. Preheat oven to 350°F (175°C).

Shape each ball into a bagel by poking a hole in the center and gently stretching it; make the hole large to prevent closing during baking.

Place bagels on a parchment-lined baking tray, brush with beaten egg or olive oil, and sprinkle your choice of toppings, pressing lightly to adhere.

Bake in the oven for 25-30 minutes until golden brown. Alternatively, air fry at 325°F (160°C) for 17-20 minutes using an oiled air fryer basket.

Let bagels cool on a wire rack for 15 minutes before slicing and serving with your favorite spreads or fillings.